Damascus, one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, stands as a symbol of rich history, cultural heritage, and political significance in the Middle East.
Situated in southwestern Syria, near the foothills of the Anti-Lebanon mountain range, it has been a vital center for trade, religion, and learning for thousands of years.
Damascus has been an important city in various ancient civilizations. It was a key urban hub in the ancient kingdoms of the Arameans, and later, it rose to prominence as the capital of the Umayyad Caliphate in the 7th century. Its strategic location along trade routes linking Asia, Africa, and Europe made it a melting pot of cultures, ideas, and influences from diverse regions. Damascus has been a cradle of art, literature, and intellectual thought. It is famous for its traditional crafts, such as the production of damask silk fabric and the creation of intricate metalwork and mosaics. The city's rich Islamic heritage is evident in its stunning architectural landmarks, including the Umayyad Mosque, one of the largest and oldest mosques in the world.
Throughout its history, Damascus has been a crossroads of religions, with significant Jewish, Christian, and Muslim populations. The city has witnessed numerous conquests and dynastic changes, from the Roman Empire to the Crusaders, the Ottoman Empire, and modern Syria. Despite the political challenges of recent decades, Damascus remains a symbol of resilience and cultural continuity, preserving its heritage while adapting to the demands of the modern era.
Today, Damascus continues to be a cultural and political hub, albeit facing challenges brought on by conflict and political instability. However, its historical significance and cultural wealth ensure that it remains an iconic city in the Middle Eastern and global context.
Natural and Holistic Experience
Explore Barada River and Surroundings
The Barada River, which flows through Damascus, is an important natural feature. While the city itself is urbanized, the areas surrounding the river, particularly in the mountainous regions to the west, offer a peaceful escape.
Explore the Mount Qasioun
Mount Qasioun, located just outside Damascus, offers both a spiritual and natural experience. From the summit, you can enjoy panoramic views of the city and the surrounding landscape, including the deserts and mountains. This location holds significance in local culture and religion, and it is a great place for meditation, contemplation, or simply enjoying the tranquility of nature.
Traditional Syrian Hammams
Damascus is home to several traditional hammams (public baths). These baths provide not only physical relaxation but also a cultural immersion into one of the oldest forms of wellness practices in the region. One of the best hammams of Damascus is Hammam Nur-Al- Din.
Damascus Souks
Exploring the historic Souks of Damascus (markets) is a great sensory experience. Among the items sold in the ancient markets, you will find a variety of herbs, essential oils, and natural remedies used in traditional Arabic medicine. Try some Zahraa herbal tea, a popular and refreshing herbal blend enjoyed in Syria and across the Middle East. The name "Zahraa" (which means "flower" or "blossom" in Arabic) is often associated with the use of fragrant and soothing floral ingredients, which is reflective of the tea’s calming qualities. The blend typically combines a variety of aromatic herbs, with the primary ingredients often being chamomile and rose petals, both known for their relaxing and therapeutic properties.
Visit the Environmental Garden
This park was specifically designed to showcase Syria’s rich plant biodiversity, featuring a variety of native plants, trees, and shrubs, many of which are rare or endangered.
Ecofriendly Visit
Support Local, Sustainable Businesses - Opt for local restaurants, cafes, and shops that emphasize sustainability, such as those serving locally-sourced, organic food, or selling handmade, eco-friendly products. Visiting traditional Damascus souks not only supports local artisans but also reduces the environmental impact associated with mass-produced goods. When purchasing souvenirs, choose those made with natural, sustainable materials like wood, cotton, and clay.
Visit Green Spaces - Spend time in parks and natural areas around Damascus to connect with the environment. The Environmental Garden is an example of a space that showcases the region's flora while promoting environmental awareness. You can also visit nearby areas like Mount Qasioun for hiking, where you can enjoy stunning views of the city and surrounding nature in a sustainable way.
Walk - Damascus is a city with many narrow streets and pedestrian-friendly areas, especially in the historic center. Walking is one of the best ways to explore the city, from the bustling Souk Al-Hamidiyah to the beautiful Umayyad Mosque.
Where to Stay and Eat in a Sustainable Way
Sah al-Naum - a historic guesthouse located in the heart of Damascus. Its name, which means "Dream of Rest" in Arabic, reflects its welcoming and relaxing atmosphere. This establishment, which combines tradition and modernity, offers a unique experience for visitors looking to explore the Syrian capital in an authentic and intimate setting. Sah al-Naum stands out for its traditional architecture, which includes inner courtyards, elegant furnishings, and an ambiance that evokes the beauty and serenity of Arab culture.
Try some delicious food at the souk - try some Baklava for example! These delicious pastries and desserts are perfect for a quick treat as you explore the market.
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